An electrode for a lithium secondary battery, the electrode including: an electrode active material; and a composite including a clay and a polymer intercalated between layers of the clay, a method of manufacturing the electrode, and a lithium secondary battery including the electrode.

The present invention relates to an optical window-filter including a thermochromic material and a light absorbing material. An absorption of light by the light absorbing material generates heat that causes phase transformation of the thermochromic material. The present invention further relates to a filter for an infrared imaging system having detectors sensitive to radiation in an infrared transmission spectrum. The filter includes a thermochromic material and a light-absorbing material. An absorption of high-power radiation in the infrared transmission spectrum by the light-absorbing material generates heat that causes phase transformation of the thermochromic material to attenuate the high-power radiation while transmitting substantially unaffected low-power radiation in the infrared transmission spectrum.

According to the invention it is proposed a nanocomposite material based on mineral binders, comprising a mineral binder, a mineral filler and a fraction of nanoparticles, characterized in that the fraction of nanoparticles includes multi-layered carbon particles of a toroidal shape with a size from 15 to 150 nm, wherein the ratio between the outer diameter and the thickness of the thorus body is in the range of (10-3):1.