This proposal targets the development of flexible heterogeneous integration schemes for combining best-of-class materials, components and manufacturing methods into economically viable micro- and nanosystem (MEMS) solutions. Today, the IC industry drives the development of most micro- and nanofabrication technologies, which are characterized by standardized processes, very large production volumes of >10.000 wafers/month and enormous capital investments. In contrast, the vast majority of MEMS demand production volumes of <100 wafers/month and different manufacturing and integration processes for each type of device. The a-priori acceptance of IC manufacturing technologies for MEMS therefore leads to missed market opportunities for many moderate volume MEMS-based products and to sub-optimal material choices. Instead, we aim for a new MEMS-specific integration and manufacturing paradigm, in which the technologies and tools are adapted to the production volumes and design variations of MEMS devices. Specifically, we will develop novel and enabling micro/nano fabrication and integration techniques with a focus on flexibility and cost-efficiency in the following areas: ' Heterogeneous Material Integration, where we incorporate high-performance materials into MEMS using unconventional and innovative technologies and tools, including serial integration, wafer-level integration and free-form fabrication of MEMS; ' Heterogeneous System Integration, where we develop new wafer level schemes to combine, process and interconnect components fabricated with different technologies such as MEMS, NEMS, ICs or photonics; ' Lab-on-Chip Integration, in which transducers, mass transport solutions, surface biochemistry and liquids are combined at the wafer level into high-performance systems.

The present invention generally relates to yeast cell wall microparticles loaded with nanoparticles for receptor-targeted nanoparticle delivery. In particular, the present invention relates to trapping nanoparticles either on the surface or inside a yeast glucan particles, for example, yeast glucal particles. The present invention further relates to methods of making the yeast cell wall particles loaded with nanoparticles. The present invention also relates to methods of using the yeast cell wall particles particles loaded with nanoparticles for receptor-targeted delivery of the nanoparticles, e.g., drug containing nanoparticles.

The present invention generally relates to yeast cell wall microparticles loaded with nanoparticles for receptor-targeted nanoparticle delivery. In particular, the present invention relates to trapping nanoparticles either on the surface or inside a yeast glucan particles, for example, yeast glucal particles. The present invention further relates to methods of making the yeast cell wall particles loaded with nanoparticles. The present invention also relates to methods of using the yeast cell wall particles loaded with nanoparticles for receptor-targeted delivery of the nanoparticles, e.g., drug containing nanoparticles.

The present invention is a yoke spin valve MR read head which electrically connects a spin valve MR sensor to spaced apart yoke portions. First and second yoke pieces are electrically connected at a head surface and are insulated from one another at a back gap which is remotely located from the head surface. The first yoke piece has a break which divides it into first and second portions which are spaced from one another. The spin valve MR sensor is located within this break and electrically interconnects the first and second portions of the first yoke piece. First and second leads are connected to the first and second yoke pieces respectively and receive a current from a current source for applying a sense current to the spin valve MR sensor via the first and second yoke pieces. When a magnetic medium is moved adjacent the head surface of the read head the yoke pieces serve as conductors for transmitting sense current to the spin valve MR sensor as well as functioning as a flux guide. Flux incursions propagated from the magnetic medium to the spin valve MR sensor via the yoke cause relative rotations between directions of magnetic moments of a pinned layer and a free layer which correspond to signals which can be processed by a signal processing device. The signal strength of the yoke spin valve MR sensor is superior to an anisotropic MR sensor and is easier to fabricate.

The objective of this invention is to provide a yoke-type magnetic head and a magnetic recording device in which Barkhausen noise is low. It is possible to induce a magnetic flux efficiently within a magnetic head by using a granular magnetic film that exhibits both soft magnetic properties and a high resistance, which suppresses any shunt of the flow of the sense current into the magnetic yokes, thus preventing any deterioration insensitivity. Since this means that eddy currents can be suppressed, even during use in high-frequency regions, the frequency response characteristics are also improved. In addition, since the magnetic grains within the granular magnetic film are nano-sized, the dimensions of magnetic domains therein are also miniaturized to match that size, and thus there is also substantially no movement of the magnetic domain walls and this miniaturization also makes it possible to suppress the generation of Barkhausen noise. A similar effect can also be obtained by inducing maze domains within the magnetic yokes.

The objective of this invention is to provide a yoke-type magnetic head and a magnetic recording device in which Barkhausen noise is low. It is possible to induce a magnetic flux efficiently within a magnetic head by using a granular magnetic film that exhibits both soft magnetic properties and a high resistance, which suppresses any shunt of the flow of the sense current into the magnetic yokes, thus preventing any deterioration insensitivity. Since this means that eddy currents can be suppressed, even during use in high-frequency regions, the frequency response characteristics are also improved. In addition, since the magnetic grains within the granular magnetic film are nano-sized, the dimensions of magnetic domains therein are also miniaturized to match that size, and thus there is also substantially no movement of the magnetic domain walls and this miniaturization also makes it possible to suppress the generation of Barkhausen noise. A similar effect can also be obtained by inducing maze domains within the magnetic yokes.

The present invention relates to the use of Yersinia outer protein M (YopM), a YopM fragment, or a YopM variant, which is capable of autopenetrating the cell membrane and of integrating into the cell cytosol without the requirement of additional factors for delivering a cargo molecule across the membrane to the cytosol of a cell. The present invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising YopM, a YopM fragment, or a YopM variant being capable of autopenetrating the cell membrane and of integrating into the cell cytosol without the requirement of additional factors for the regulation of inflammatory reactions of the immune system and the treatment of diseases caused by autoimmunity of the host. The present invention further relates to a YopM fragment or variant, which is capable of autopenetrating the cell membrane and of integrating into the cell cytosol without the requirements of additional factors as well as such proteins or YopM linked to a cargo molecule.

The urgency to identify and develop sustainable and timely solutions for our future society has become clearly demonstrated due to the alarming trends in global energy demand, the finite nature of fossil fuel reserves, the need to dramatically curb emissions of greenhouse gases to mitigate the devastating consequences of climate change, the damaging volatility of oil prices (in particular for the transport sector) and the geopolitical instability in supplier regions. In this regard, I started to work since my postgraduated studies in to find alternative and greener methodologies in terms of materials preparation, production of biofuels (which can partially meet the future expected needs of our society in terms of energy for transport), (photo)catalysis as a greener alternative for the production of chemicals and energy as well as biomass and waste valorisation. Biomass from plant is the most important feedstock for food, feed and non-food applications. In the processing of plant materials e.g. wood for paper, substantial amounts of potentially valuable by-products are produced. In this regard, the host organisation, Avantium Chemicals BV, explores unique bio-refinery concepts on novel routes for C6 carbohydrates conversion using nanomaterials. The main objectives are: 1)To develop a range of new multifunctional catalysts (e.g. based on mesoporous silica materials with controlled acidity and metal nanoparticles loading), through synthesis, using a combination of novel techniques 2)To screen their reactivity using model reactions 3)To develop an approach for testing selected catalysts using real feeds from e. g. the pilot plant 4)To optimise the reaction conditions (with emphasis on the reduction of energy consumption aand waste production), evaluation of the catalyst stability. 5)To integrate my knowledge and experience in heterogeneous catalysis into the Avantium R&D environment. In order to achieve these ambitious goals, I will use an interdisciplinary approach.

Die Erfindung beschreibt ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Zementmasse zur Zementierung, bei dem einer Zement und Wasser umfassenden Zementmasse für die Zementierung ein Vorkondensat von mindestens einem hydrolysierbaren Organosilan zugegeben wird. Die hergestellte Zementmasse eignet sich zur Fixierung von Gegenständen auf und in Substraten oder geologische Formationen und zur Abdichtung oder Verfestigung von Substraten oder geologischen Formationen.